Patricia Santillán-Carvantes, Patricia Balvanera, Simon Thomsen, Francisco Mora, Nathalia Pérez-Cárdenas, Daniel Cohen-Salgado, Rubén Ramírez-Ramírez, Mayra E. Gavito & Berta Martín-López

We provided a methodology to spatially identify the components of social-ecological systems that have been shaped by both environmental conditions and management practices at three relevant decision-making scales: plots owned by individuals, plot owners, and governance units. To do so, we identified and characterized: (1) ecological clusters (EC), (2) social-management clusters (SC), and (3) social-ecological systems units (SESU) in a TDF in western Mexico.